Alternatives to enhance traffic conditions at U-turn sites

Traffic simulation models play a major role in allowing traffic engineers to assess complex situations such as U-turn section. Such help proposing solutions and alternative scenarios without committing too many expensive resources this are necessary implement strategies the field. Simulation can significantly improve quality of road network planning design urban areas.  According filed observation, movement cause congestion at both origin distention (opposite) roads. This study introduces alternatives enhance These have been tested by using models. The PTV VISSIM software is used development model has calibrated validated data collected from Al-Diwaniyah city, Iraq. References [1] Combinido, J.S.L. Lim, M.T., "Modeling flow", Physica A: Statistical Mechanics its Applications, Vol. 389, No. 17, (2010), 3640-3647. [2] Della, R. H., Hanafiah, Arliansyah, J., & Artiansyah, (2015). Traffic Performance Analysis Fly Over Scenario; A Case Study Soekarno Hatta Road, Palembang, Indonesia. Procedia Engineering, 125, 461–466. doi: 10.1016/j.proeng.2015.11.123  [3] Al-Obaedi, "Investigation effect speed humps on merging time u-turn traffic", Ain Shams Engineering Journal, 10, 1, (2019), 1-4. [4] " Simulating Effect Speed Humps U-Turn Traffic", international Journal 32, Pages 1773-1780. [5] Meel I, Satirasetthavee D, Kanitpong K, Brannolte U. Optimal Design UTurns Thai Highways. Acta Technica Jaurinensis 2014;7(1):21–32. [6] U, K. Safety impact application auxiliary lanes downstream locations U-turns. IATSS Research 2017;41(1):1–11. [7] Meel, I., "The optimal u-turns thai highways", Jaurinensis, 7, (2014), 21-32. [8] Yang, X. (2001),” CORSIM-Based Approach Evaluation Direct Left Turn Versus Right Plus U Driveways. (Ph.D dissertation), University South Florida, Tampa. [9] Detemple, Garcia, R., Rindisbacher, M. (2007). Chapter 21 Methods for Portfolios. Handbooks Operations Management Science, 867–923. doi:10.1016/s0927-0507(07)15021-0. [10] Vaitkus, Audrius, et al. "Traffic Calming Measures: An Driving Speed." PROMET –Traffic &Transportation 29.3 (2017): 275-285.doi: 10.7307/ptt. v29i3.2265. [11] World Health Organization. Global status report safety 2015. Organization, 2015 [12] AL-Jameel H. A. E (2014). Contribution median opening Iraq: Al-Najaf city case study, Kufa (K.J.E). [13] 10.1016/j.proeng.2015.11.123  [14] Zainab T Al-Kareawi Jalal S Al-Obaedi (2021). based PARAMICS micro simulation, J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 1895 012030 doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1895/1/012030. &nbsp